It is said that the formation of Earth was based on air, water, fire, and earth. These elements provide us with essential life support, and are the basis for numerous compounds. Perhaps among the four, earth is the richest in components, namely minerals, that manifest in different forms according to specific conditions of temperature, pressure and chemical environment. 

Minerals found on Earth not only originate from terrestrial processes but also arrive from the solar system via meteorites, including achondrites, pallasites, and siderites. Tektites, formed from meteorite impacts, are found around craters, further enriching Earth’s mineral diversity.

Minerals are categorised into seven crystal systems, triclinic, monoclinic, orthorhombic, tetragonal, trigonal, hexagonal, and cubic, based on their crystal lattice (primary group of atoms) that forms repeating patterns. The unique chemical composition of each mineral provides distinct physical features that can be identified in many forms.

The use of stones could be traced from the start of human civilization as tools of hunting, farming daily utensils or simply a decoration. In different cultures and religions stones were provided a ritual meaning that bringing people good luck or grounding the energy.

More recently, minerals have played a crucial role in technological development and industrial innovation. From the ancient discovery of copper, bronze, and iron to modern discoveries of titanium, aluminium, and tantalum, these specimens have helped human progress with everyday life by providing lighter, more resistant, and robust materials for industrial applications.

Certain minerals are also collectibles for their unique geometric shapes, colours, patterns, and textures, making them natural works of art. Various craftsmanship techniques, such as stone cutting and polishing, were developed according to the chemical nature of the minerals, transforming them into gemstones. Only minerals that are rare, durable, and pure are used by jewellers for metalsmithing or ornaments. The most commonly found minerals used in jewellery are gold, silver, and copper. Diamond, corundum (ruby and sapphire), and beryl (emerald) are the most popular choices for high-end jewellery making due to their rarity in colour, clarity, carat, and production.

To explore this fascinating realm further, Van Cleef & Arpels’ L’École Asia Pacific, in collaboration with the esteemed Mineralogy Museum of Mines Paris – PSL, is hosting “Journey with Minerals”, an exhibition that delves into this captivating realm. It explores the complex characteristics and artistic qualities of these natural wonders with a number of rare specimens on display, curated into five thematic categories, highlighting their features from microscopic structures to celestial origins. The exhibition runs until October 31, 2024, with guided tours available.